ABSTRACT Femtocells are overlayed on existing Macrocells to form Macro-Femto heterogeneous network (HetNet), to reduce cost of mounting expensive macrocell nodes, improve cellular network capacity and throughput performance. However, HetNet has a major problem of cross-tier and co-tier interference, which hinders its optimal performance, especially when the network capacity expands. With emergence of 5G technologies, interference would become more consequential. Therefore, curbing the effect of this interference is indispensable to sustain larger and efficient HetNet. In this work power control technique was explored to reduce the impact of interference in both Downlink and Uplink scenarios of 5G non-stand-alone (NSA) architecture of Macro-Femto HetNet. An enhanced active power control (EAPC) technique, was developed by hybridizing extended attenuation factor path loss model, Active Power Control (APC), and Power Control 1 (PC1) techniques. Attenuation factor model was extended by adding floor factor to capture both floor attenuation and wall factor, and used same in computing femtocell path loss. The EAPC technique also made use of a different step power value of 0.5 dB for adjusting it’s transmit power in order to maximize power and reduce interference. The hybridization when compared with APC and PC1 respectively yielded: 65% and 37% higher Home User Equipment (HUE) throughput; 37% and 21% higher Macro User Equipment (MUE) throughput; 41% and 63% higher throughput of femtocell node (Hen-gNB); 69% and 25% higher throughput of macrocell node (en-gNB). EAPC average power consumption compared to APC and PC1 respectively saved: 65% and 40% HUE battery energy; 38% and 42% MUE battery energy; 54% and 22% Hen-gNB energy. EAPC saved 21% en-gNB energy when compared to APC, but was limited by 8% when compared with PC1.
ABSTRACT
This project is carried out to Develop a Computerized Airline Reservation System with a view to produce informa...
ABSTRACT
The focus of this study is on “Impacts of small business enterprises on employment creation in Lagos Stat...
Background to the Study
The development of the various sectors of any economy is the basis for its survival, different m...
Abstract
Oral literature means oral works of high merit which are products of the creative use of imagination by the artist of the spoken...
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to assess the covid-19 safety compliance level in healthcare sector...
Abstract
This study was conducted in the five mixed senior secondary schools in Enugu North Local Government Area of Enugu State on Gende...
ABSTRACT
The growing use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and related technology has led to the emergence of a more inn...
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to examine the effects of teachers qualification on students academ...
Abstract
This study is on impact of purchasing strategies on organizational growth Pz industrial plc. The total populati...
Abstract
This work is designed to find out the financial problems and prospects of privatization in Nig...